論語 CONFUCIAN ANALECTS

孝於我、我對曰、無違。樊遲曰、何謂也。子曰、生事之以禮、死葬之以禮、祭之以禮。
三。〇
孟武伯問孝。子曰、父母唯其疾之憂。

filial piety was, and I answered him,—'not being disobedient.'"

3. Fan Ch'ih said, "What did you mean?" The Master replied, "That parents, when alive, should be served according to propriety; that, when dead, they should be buried according to propriety; and that they should be sacrificed to according to propriety."

CHAPTER VI.

Măng Wû asked what filial piety was. The Master said, "Parents are anxious lest their children should be sick."

The character 孫 grandson, was used to indicate their princely descent, and 仲孫 Chung-sun, 叔孫 Shu-sun, and 季孫 Chi-sun became the respective surnames of the families. 仲孫 was changed into 孟孫 by the father of Măng Î, on a principle of humility, as he thereby only claimed to be the eldest of the inferior sons or their representatives, and avoided the presumption of seeming to be a younger full brother of the reigning duke. 懿 mild and virtuous, was the posthumous honorary title given to Ho-chî. On 子 the Master, see I, i, 1. 2. Fan, by name Hsü, and designated 子遲 Tsze-ch'ih, was a minor disciple of the sage. Confucius repeated his remark to Fan, that he might report the explanation of it to his friend Măng Î, or Măng-sun Î, and thus prevent him from supposing that all the sage intended was disobedience to parents. Compare the whole of Confucius's explanation with I, ix.

6. THE ANXIETY OF PARENTS ABOUT THEIR CHILDREN—AN ARGUMENT FOR FILIAL PIETY. This enigmatical sentence has been interpreted in two ways. Chû Hsî takes 唯 only not in the sense of "only," but of "thinking anxiously"—"Parents have the sorrow of thinking anxiously about their—i. e., their children's—being unwell. Therefore children should take care of their persons." The old commentators again take 唯 in the sense of "only"—"Let parents have only the sorrow of their children's illness. Let them have no other occasion for sorrow. This will be filial piety." Măng Wû (the honorary epithet, = "Bold and of straightforward principle") was the son of Măng Î, and by name Chih. 伯 eldest merely indicates that he was the eldest son.