語論 CONFUCIAN ANALECTS

子曰、吾與回言終日、不違、如愚。退而省其私、亦足以發、回也不愚。

子曰、視其所以。觀其所由、察其所安、人焉廋哉、人焉廋哉。

CHAPTER IX.

The Master said, "I have talked with Hûi for a whole day, and he has not made any objection to anything I said;—as if he were stupid. He has retired, and I have examined his conduct when away from me, and found him able to illustrate my teachings. Hûi!—He is not stupid."

CHAPTER X.

1. The Master said, "See what a man does.
2. "Mark his motives.
3. "Examine in what things he rests.
4. "How can a man conceal his character? How can a man conceal his character?"

9. THE QUIET RECEPTIVITY OF THE DISCIPLE HÛI. Yen Hûi (顏回), styled Tsze-yüan, was Confucius's favorite disciple, and is now honored with the first place east among his four assessors in his temples, and with the title of 復聖顏子 The second sage, the philosopher Yen. At twenty-nine his hair was entirely white, and at thirty-three he died, to the excessive grief of the sage. The subject of "retired" is Hûi, and that of "examined" is I (Confucius). 其私 his privacy, meaning only his conduct when not with the master. 亦 also, takes up "as if he were stupid"—He was so, and also thus.

10. HOW TO DETERMINE THE CHARACTERS OF MEN. 1 "By" is explained as "to act," or "to employ." For the noun to which the three "where" clauses refer, we must go down to "man" in the 4th paragraph. There is a climax in "what he does," "what from" (motives), and "what he rests in," and a corresponding one in the verbs "see," "mark," and "examine." 4. How, generally a final particle, is here an interrogative. Its interrogative force blends with the exclamatory force of "how" at the end.