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| Poets | Orators | Greek and Latin Physicians | Arabs and Phoenicians referring to Islamic-world scholars |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homer | Cicero | Hippocrates | Avicenna |
| Virgil | Columella | Galen | Averroes |
| Horace | Strabo | Asclepiades | Both Halys likely Haly Abbas and Haly Abenragel |
| Hesiod | Plutarch | Archigenes | Avenzoar |
| Hermolaus Hermolao Barbaro, a Renaissance scholar | Antonius Musa | Al-Farabi | |
| Marcellus | Aesculapius | Rhazes the Phoenician | |
| Pietro Barozzi | Antyllus | Serapion | |
| Etienne de Laigue, French Knight of the Golden Spur | Themison | Mesue | |
| Cornelius Celsus | Isaac Isaac Judaeus | ||
| Dioscorides | Constantine Constantine the African | ||
| Pliny | |||
| Oribasius | |||
| Paul of Aegina | |||
| Alexander of Aphrodisias |
| Italians | French | Germans |
|---|---|---|
| Pietro d'Abano | Bernard de Gordon | Rodolphus Agricola |
| Montagnana | Guy de Chauliac | Leonhart Fuchs |
| Mondino de Luzzi | Jacques Despars | Philipp Ulstad of Nuremberg |
| Simon of Genoa | Jean de Tournemire | Johann Guinter |
| Platearius | Jean Ruel | Hubert Barland |
| Matthaeus Silvaticus | Guillaume Cop | Hermann Cruser of Kampen |
| Giovanni Arcolani | Pierre Brissot | |
| Michele Savonarola | Jacques Dubois known as Jacobus Sylvius | |
| Nicolaus likely Nicolaus Praepositus | ||
| Alessandro Benedetti | ||
| Giovanni Manardo | ||
| Niccolò Leoniceno |