On the Order of the Illuminati

specifically, this occurred when King James II James II (1633–1701) was the last Catholic monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland. After being deposed in 1688, he fled to France, where Masonic legends claim high-degree Masonry was developed by his supporters. had fled to France. He was enriched by the French with all sorts of new degrees in their fashion, such as Scottish Master of St. Andrew, English Master, Perfect Master, Illustrious, several stages that bore the title of The Elect original: "Elû", Knight of the East, Prussian Knight, African Brother, American Brother, Knight of the Rose Cross, Knight of the Eagle, Sublime Philosopher, Adept, and others of the kind. Some of these were even further divided into several levels. Just as a biblical story had been used for the allegory of the Master's degree The "Master Mason" degree traditionally centers on the legend of the building of Solomon's Temple and the death of its architect, Hiram Abiff., the French also imitated this in the new levels they invented. In their ritual workings original: "Arbeiten", however, the Masons were very diverse for several years. Some Lodges, especially those established from England, accepted only the three degrees of Apprentice, Journeyman original: "Geselle"; in modern English Masonry, this is the "Fellow Craft" degree., and Master; others, which traced their origin to Scotland, additionally accepted the level of Scottish Master. Both groups, however, rejected the French degrees as false additions. Besides these two types, there was a third, which accepted only some of the newly invented French degrees. This occurred in the so-called Clermont System The Chapter of Clermont was a Masonic body founded in Paris around 1754, influential in developing high degrees., which in Germany was named after a certain Rosa Philipp Samuel Rosa (1720–1796) was a former pastor and Masonic organizer who spread the Clermont system throughout Germany., and in which, after the three lowest levels, only the following four remained: Scottish Master of St. Andrew, The Elect, the