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...these. The motion in minutes and so forth of planets in retrograde or stationary paths is determined by dividing by the total duration of the lunar mansion original: "sarvarksha-nadi"; the time the planet spends in a specific star system. || 38 ||

On the Calculation of Retrograde Planets

The phrase "multiplied by sixty" is clear. || 38 ||

The true positions of the planets are derived from the Suryatulya A reference to the Surya Siddhanta, the foundational Sanskrit astronomical treatise, from the excellent Karanottama, and from the Rajamriganka. Now, for the ease of the learned, I shall correctly explain them according to the proper tradition based on the almanac pages. || 39 ||

The daily motion is forty-eight thousand (48,000) minutes 48000, indeed, multiplied by all the ghatikas A unit of time equal to 24 minutes. Now, the Shaka era year The traditional Indian calendar era starting in 78 CE minus four hundred and forty-five (445) is divided by sixty (60), resulting in the fractional parts. || 40 || Thus ends the Calculation of the Planets.

Now, the Clarification of the Sun's True Position

original: "Ravisphastikaranam"

Regarding the calculation of the elapsed desired ghatikas: In the fourth day of the dark fortnight of the month of Jyeshtha, on a Sunday, the Sun's entry into Taurus original: "Vrishabha-Sankranti" occurred at 17 ghatikas and 33 palas A sub-unit of time; 60 palas = 1 ghatika. After that, the desired ghatikas are 51;47. Then, on the thirteenth lunar day, at the time of sunrise, the elapsed ghatikas were 8;58. For the clarification of the Sun at that time: the days between the Sun's entry into Taurus and the desired day are 9. These converted to ghatikas are 540. Thus, placing these in three positions—42;27, 8;58, and 540—the sum of the elapsed desired ghatikas is 591;25.

Now, for the calculation of the total duration of the lunar mansion: The ghatikas of the Taurus entry are 42;27. After that, until the 13th day, the ghatikas are 43;30. During this time, the Sun moves from the Krittika The Pleiades constellation into Rohini Aldebaran. Therefore, on that day, the ghatikas are 43;30. The interval between the day the Sun entered Taurus and the day it entered the Rohini mansion is 9 days, which equals 540 ghatikas. Thus, the sum of all—42;27, 43;30, and 540—is taken. Because the remainder is more than half, one additional ghatika should be added. The total mansion ghatikas original: "sarvarksha-ghatyah" are 626. Now, with the elapsed ghatikas...