Indian Serpent-Lore, or the Nagas in Hindu Legend and Art

it appeared often unavoidable to shorten original: "curtail" the narrative considerably. In doing so, it has been our endeavor to retain some of the exotic flavor of the Eastern tales and, in particular, to preserve any features that may be of interest to our present subject. While freely using existing translations, we have not hesitated to make changes where they seemed necessary, either for the sake of linguistic original: "philological"; the study of language and literature accuracy or to match the general style of the book. The sculptures reproduced in our plates have been selected partly for their artistic or archaeological interest, and partly because they illustrate the legends contained in the text.

My obligations for assistance rendered in various ways are numerous. For the supply of photographs to illustrate my book, I am much indebted to Sir John Marshall Sir John Marshall (1876–1958) was the Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India, Knight, C.I.E., M.A., Litt.D., Director-General of Archaeology in India, and to the various officers of his Department; to Sir Aurel Stein, Knight, C.I.E., Ph.D.; to Mr. Ramāprasād Chanda, M.A., the officer in charge of the Archaeological Section of the Imperial Museum in Calcutta; to the curators of the provincial museums at Lahore and Lucknow; to Mr. R. Narasimhachār, the former Director of Archaeological Researches for the Mysore State; to Mr. F. D. K. Bosch, Ph.D., Director of the Archaeological Survey of the Netherlands East Indies; to M. Louis Finot, Director of the French School of the Far East original: "l’École Française d’Extrême-Orient" in Hanoi; to Mr. C. Stanley Clarke, Curator of the Indian Section at the Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington; to Mr. T. A. Joyce of the British Museum; and to M. Delaporte, Curator original: "Conservateur" at the Trocadéro Museum in Paris.

Among the persons who have helped me with information, I wish to mention Mr. Dines Andersen, Ph.D., Professor of Pali an ancient language of India in which many Buddhist scriptures are written at the University of Copenhagen; Reverend T. Grahame Bailey, Ph.D.; Mr. J. J. L. Duyvendak, Reader of Chinese at the University of Leiden; Reverend A. H. Francke, Ph.D.; Sir George Grierson, K.C.I.E., Ph.D., Litt.D., I.C.S. (retired); Pandit Hīrānanda Sāstrī, M.A., M.O.L., Superintendent for Epigraphy the study of ancient inscriptions; Mr. Sten Konow, Ph.D., Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Kristiania; Pandit Nityānanda of Srinagar, Kashmir; Babu Prayāg Dayāl, Curator of the Provincial Museum in Lucknow; M. J. Przyluski, Professor at the School of Oriental Languages original: "l'École des Langues Orientales" in Paris; Mr. B. Sanjiva Rao, Principal of Queen's College in Benares; Mr. H. A. Rose, I.C.S. (retired); Mr. H. Lee Shuttleworth, I.C.S. (retired); and M. Philippe Stern of the Guimet Museum in Paris.

My special thanks are due to Mrs. Kuenen-Wicksteed, and to my friend Sir Thomas W. Arnold, C.I.E., Litt.D., Professor of Arabic at the University of London, for their great care in revising my manuscript.