Theater of Machines, Volume II

Rod useful for land surveying and for leveling water.

workmen to level the gutters and channels with it, and to measure every level, as is marked in the following figure with D. E., or to be seen in both places of the water-level with P. Q. Through such an instrument, a long line may be drawn to conduct the water, according to the alignment string, or through measurement, as such a sinking for the fall of the water may most appropriately happen. And as mentioned above, the sighting may be directed from the origin of the springs to the place to which one wants to conduct the water, or from the same toward the springs, as the location of the place itself will require. And in the following figure, both sightings are marked with o. When the point of such a sighting is marked, the distance from one place to the other is measured with the instrument of a long, graduated straight-edge, which is arranged especially for land surveying and is commonly called a rod; you see such marked in the following figure with N. N.

When the space is then measured from one point to another, one brings such through the rules of Arithmetic into a determined sum, through which then the sinking for the fall of