Manual of Christian Iconography

without any proof in the existence of three different Panselinos figures 1. The polymath from Leros, Manuel Gedeon, himself also became (1876) a victim of the supposedly Athonite traditions, believing first in the existence of one Panselinos who flourished "three hundred and more years" before the year 1540, and who became an "inventor of photography" and wrote his own book about it 2. Having changed his mind later (1881), he judged a second time that Panselinos "is becoming an almost mythical" person, whereas the genuine Manuel Panselinos mentioned by Dionysius is admittedly not mythical 3. And rightly then, Professor Lambros considered the myth concerning a certain Panselinos unacceptable 4. Bayet (1893) assumed that the known Panselinos must have lived in the 13th or around the beginning of the 14th century 5.

Thus, everyone was bound first by the dissemination formed by Simonides himself on Athos regarding Panselinos and his works, supposedly identified in various Athonite churches, and then by the year 1458, which his edition of the Hermeneia bore. And this fanciful chronology was so believed that it happened to be accepted until our time in histories of Byzantine and modern Greek literature 6. But when I, on the

1) Duchesne et Bayet, Mémoire sur une mission au mont Athos. Paris 1876, p. 302. Regarding other Europeans in relation to the era of Panselinos, see S. Lambros’ Mixed Pages (Miktas selidas). Athens 1905, pp. 509–510.
2) M. Gedeon, Proia byzantine epitheoresis Byzantine Morning Review. Constantinople 1876, no. 7, p. 53.
3) M. Gedeon in V. Kalliphron's Anatolikos Aster Eastern Star. Constantinople, 1881, year 21, no. 32, p. 250.
4) S. Lambros, Concerning Jesus the Panselinos; in Parnassos 1881, vol. 5, p. 445 ff. Same author, Mixed Pages, pp. 506–515. According to Lambros, even now Manuel Panselinos is a painter of the 14th century; he characterizes the testimonies regarding his existence in the 16th century as an "extremely improbable opinion." See Neos Hellenomnomon (1908), vol. 5, p. 283, where he says superfluously that the Panselinos mentioned in a Lesbian codex was ordained in Mytilene in 1588, whereas the codex itself says: "this one, ordained in an unspecified place in the year 1559." See my Mavrogordateios Bibliotheke (Constantinople 1884/8), vol. I, p. 152. From this it appears that Professor Lambros did not know from the second source the following things about Panselinos, which were noted for the first time in the prologue of the incomplete edition of the Hermeneia distributed in 1900; see what is said concerning it forward on page alpha.
5) Ch. Bayet, L'art byzantin. Paris 1883, pp. 260–264.
6) K. Sathas in Neohellenic Philology. Athens 1868, pp. 99–100. K. Sathas, Supplement to Neohellenic Philology. Athens 1870, p. 10. R. Nicolai, Gesch. der neugriech. Literatur. Leipzig 1876, p. 6. K. Krumbacher, Geschichte der byzantinischen Litteratur. Munich 1897, p. 1117.