Ethical Writings of Cicero

SYNOPSIS.

A horizontal divider line with a diamond-shaped ornament in the center.

BOOK I.

§ 1. Introduction.
2. Pre-eminent importance of moral science.
3. Division of the subject: (1) The Right; (2) The choice among right things; (3) The Expedient; (4) The choice among expedient things; (5) The seeming conflict between the Right and the Expedient.
4. Source of the Right in the nature of man.
5. Division of the Right: (1) Prudence; (2) Justice; (3) Magnanimity; (4) Temperance.
6. Prudence, or Wisdom.
7. Justice consists: (1) In wronging and injuring no one; (2) In rendering to every one his own. Injustice consists: (1) In doing wrong; (2) In omitting to repel injury from others.
8. Reasons why wealth is wrongfully sought.
9. Reasons why men refrain from defending those who are wronged.
10. Apparent and real violations of good faith.
11. Justice to be observed toward enemies.
12. The rights of war.
13. Justice to slaves.
14. Beneficence. Cautions to be observed in its exercise.
15. Gratitude.
16, 17. Degrees of claims on beneficence.
18. Beneficence needs to be trained by practice. Fortitude, or Magnanimity.