¶ On the elegances of terms from Lorenzo Valla and others, briefly collected according to the order of the alphabet.

Avarus miserly and avaritia avarice are always used in a negative sense. And therefore, in Scripture, the miser is rebuked. Avidus greedy/eager and aviditas greed/eagerness are used in a positive sense and concern an honest matter.

Ave hail/greetings and avete hail/greetings (plural) are said by one arriving and one departing. Thus, salve hail/be healthy is said by one arriving and one departing. And to him who is arriving, we answer salve. But the unskilled, at the arrival, say instead of this "may it profit you" original: "p̄ficiat", and others answer "you have arrived well" original: "bñ veneritis", which is contrary to elegance. But vale farewell and valete farewell (plural) are only for those departing.

Audio te I hear you, that is, I accept you with my ears. It also means: I believe you.
Audio tibi I obey you, that is, I obey you.

Ausculto te I listen to you, i.e., I hear you. Ausculto tibi I heed you, that is, I comply with you.

Autem however and vero but/in truth are used to distinguish sentences. But this is the difference: vero is joined with "neither," then "do it indeed," for it is already preceded by those things like "neither" and "vero" already "vero." Aut is joined with a non-preceding word: for example, "not but I lie to you."

Auxilium do I give aid. Auxilium fero I bring aid. We say both. But we do not say "I give resource" original: "opem do", rather "I bring resource" original: "opem fero".

Abundantia abundance is of good things, and for a cause that is having. Redundantia overflowing is truly of bad things and useless matters.

Abdicare to disinherit is to cast a son out from the property while the father is living. Exheredare to disinherit is truly after death. In German: onteruen.

Abrogare to repeal is to take away another's property, or to revoke a law in part. Derogatur is derogated/partially repealed is truly for a whole law. But arrogare to claim/arrogate is to attribute too much and insolently to oneself.

Abstinentia abstinence is that by which someone abstains from the property of others, offering injury to no one. Continentia continence is that by which someone restrains himself from his own, and it is in respect to pleasures.

Accola neighbor/dweller nearby is said of one who lives at a place and nearby. Therefore, whoever lives near waters are called accolae. Nor does it matter whether it is on their own or another's land. But those who have homes and cities placed on mountains are called incolae inhabitants. Those near the mountains are accolae. Therefore, not without merit, it is said in the Psalm: "And Jacob was an inhabitant incola in the land of Cham," because the Greek voice agrees, as Lorenzo i.e., Lorenzo Valla says. Accusare to accuse is to object a crime before a judge or some other person, to manifest and show it.

Incusare to find fault/reproach is to reproach the character of another with a complaint, because you were afflicted with an injury by him, and it is not "to accuse" a greater person of a lesser one. Recusare to decline/refuse is of a lesser person of a greater one. Ad to/at is "next to," as "Peter is present" original: "adest petr⁹". Scio I know, so, to that one.