Astronomical Instruments of the Imperial Observatory

A large woodcut illustration within a double-line border. The upper portion features a square grid (quadrant or surveying board) set upright on a landscape. A diagonal rule or alidade crosses the grid from the top left to the bottom right, marked with the character "申" (shēn) at the lower end. In the foreground, a hand is shown holding a long, thin instrument, possibly a sighting rod or part of a surveying tool, extending horizontally across the bottom of the frame. The background includes stylized terrain and small bushes.

Figure 53