Bible with Ordinary Gloss and Nicholas of Lyra

Phil. 2. b

Ibidem.

Adamantius original: "Adamanti"; a name for Origen of Alexandria. God has given him the name that is above every name, Jesus Christ: this name is Jesus. Therefore, in the name of Jesus every knee should bend: of those in heaven, on earth, and under the earth. And what is "above every name" has not been named in any previous generations. In Genesis, we read of many just men, and none of them is named Jesus. In Exodus, I find this for the first time:
Exo. 17. c

where it is read that Amalek came and fought against Israel. And Moses said to Jesus referring to Joshua, known as Jesus son of Nave in the Latin tradition in the desert: Choose for yourself powerful men and the sons of the people of Israel: Go out and fight against Amalek. Moses confesses that he cannot lead out the army, that he cannot be victorious; who would lead it out of Egypt? You see to whom he yielded the waging of war against Amalek. Here, for the first time, we learn the name of Amalek and Jesus, where we see him as the leader of the army: not to whom Moses granted the leadership, but to whom he yielded it. He could not choose the powerful men; he says, "Choose for yourself." Therefore, I learn the name of Jesus for the first time; immediately I see a mystery, a sacrament. Jesus is leading the army, and when Moses would lift his hands, Israel would grow strong; but when he would lower them, Amalek would grow strong. Then, Jesus grows strong and conquers when Moses raises his hands. However, the battle against Amalek is like that, because Moses was no longer raising his hands, but they were hanging downward. These are indeed the ones of whom he says:
Joh. 5. G

If you believed Moses, you would also believe me, and yet you wish to kill me, you who do not keep the Law. For when the Law and the works of the Law cease among those who, wishing to establish their own righteousness, are not subject to the righteousness of God, the hands of Moses are lowered; unbelief has grown strong, the battle is won. He, and Nadab and Abihu and Eleazar, are left in the camp and the whole people with them, that he may judge the people. Jesus follows Moses onto the mountain with him to the place of the command, where it is miraculous. For he says that he was assisting Moses, not as a companion or an inferior, but as an assistant and a leader. But what is it that when he is named first, it does not indicate the name of his father,
Nume. 13. b.

nor the second, nor the third time? When his father is named, it is not Jesus, but he is called Osee. For among the scouts, his name is spoken, and perhaps in the office of a scout, he is called not Jesus, but Osee and the son of Nave. How he returns, and when all are terrified, he alone lifts up the despairing people; he is called Jesus, not the son of Nave, but
Exo. 17. c

the one to whom it was said: "Lead out the army and fight against Amalek." That which must be greatly valued is that when, in the transfiguration of the countenance of Moses,
Exo. 32.

all the Hebrews, despairing, could not look upon his face, Jesus not only looks upon his face, but he persists in the inner parts of the tabernacle, conscious of the mysteries. Therefore, this book symbolizes the sacraments of my Lord, not so much the son of Nave. For he leads the army and puts the forces of Amalek to flight; and what is foreshadowed there by the extended hands makes for his cross a triumph of principalities and powers within himself. Moses has died. That is, the Law. For "the Law and the prophets were until John." Thus, the blessed Moses
Matth. 11. b.

Luc. 16. g

is dead, that is, the Law and the legal precepts. Whence: "The woman is bound to the law while her husband lives; but if her husband has died, she is released from the law."
Roma. 7. a.

concerning the Hebrew truth. A They will be able, the rivals. B That they may prove the testimonies assumed by the apostles and evangelists. C That in the New Testament, the examples which are placed in the letter are toward Desire referring to Eustochium, to whom Jerome addressed letters. D That which is in the books of the Seventy, the interpreters. E How they have it, that is to say: it is clear that the apostles and evangelists wrote the truth; that which the Seventy did not write, and which is written in my translation, is the truth; and the Seventy are diminished. That he might be believed concerning the boasting he speaks of, he excuses himself, saying that he said this to refute the slander of the envious and the false imposition of crime. Whence he says: F We say these things, lest we seem to be silent to those who are altogether slandering, that is, imposing false crimes. G That we may seem to be silent, that is, to pass over it under pretense. H Let him rejoice. In this fifth part, he proposes that after the completion of this work, he will pass on to the explanation of the prophets. The letter is plain, but it is subdivided by its part. Let him rejoice, that is, but
On the life and death of the holy Paula

I After the death of Saint Paula. For the death of the saints is called a falling asleep; Job 11: "Lazarus our friend sleeps." And 1 Thessalonians 4: "We do not want you to be ignorant concerning those who sleep." This Roman Paula was a most noble matron, as befits the Roman Senate, whose life the blessed Jerome wrote; when she was Blesilla, an offspring of the Scipios and the Gracchi; she was the descendant of Agamemnon's offspring, her husband the spouse of the bed, descending from the lineage of the Greek Juli. K He says that Paula bore five children,

in the New Testament, they will be able to prove the assumed testimonies that are not in the old books. We say these things so that we may not seem to be silent to those who are altogether slandering. Let him rejoice after the falling asleep of Saint Paula, whose life is an example of virtue; for those books, whatever they might be, which I could not deny to the virgin of Christ, we have decided—while the spirit directs these limbs—to apply ourselves to the explanation of the prophets, and to repeat the work omitted for so long, as if by a right of postliminy original: "postliminio"; a Roman legal term for the restoration of rights upon return from exile, especially when that admirable and most holy man, Pammachius, demands this same thing in writing, and as we hasten toward our homeland, we ought to pass by the deadly songs of the Sirens with a deaf ear.

Jesus the son of Nave, bearing the type of the Lord not only in his deeds, but also in his name, crosses the Jordan; he puts the kingdoms of the enemies to flight.

The following text is a long biographical note concerning Paula and her family: She bore Blesilla, Paulina (mother of Pammachius), Eustochium, Ruffina, and Toxotius. See Jerome's letter to Pammachius on the death of Paulina; there no mention is made except of the three daughters, because two were already dead, namely Paulina and Blesilla, as he says at the end of that letter. When the imperial letters of the bishops of the East and West regarding certain dissensions of the churches had drawn Rome together, she had Epiphanius, the bishop of Salamis in Cyprus, as a guest, and Paulinus, the bishop of the city of Antioch, staying in another house; this woman honored them with human kindness. When she was inflamed with virtues and the winter had passed, the bishops returning to their churches, she herself, having taken with her the virgin Eustochium, sailed with them, and having remained in Cyprus for ten days, with the monasteries inspected, she left behind refreshments for the brothers. Thence, going up through Seleucia to Antioch, with Saint Paulinus detained for a short time by his kindness, she ascended by a maritime route to Jerusalem, and having inspected the holy places of the promised land, she went down into Egypt; having visited the hermits and monks dwelling there, she wished to live among the thousands of monks with her maidens. But when a greater desire for the holy places had drawn her back, she returned to Bethlehem, in which she built three monasteries for virgins, which she gathered into different provinces, and divided into three troops, so that, however, they were separated in work and food, they were joined in psalms and prayers; in the morning, at the third, sixth, ninth, and evening hours, and at midnight, they sang the psalter in order. She lived in this holy purpose for 5 years at Rome, 20 years at Bethlehem, and filled the whole time of her life with 56 years and 8 months and 20 days. Thus writes Jerome, of whom he says: L Whose life is an example of virtue. M We will pray for her daughter Eustochium, for whom he translated many books and published commentaries. N Let him rejoice after these books, that is, after the translation of these twelve books. O Those which, when—that is, I cannot deny translating, because before the death of his mother, I had promised him this. P We have decided, that is, we have proposed. For "I decide" is, when someone proposes, judges, establishes, deliberates, defines. Q In the judgment of the one proposing. R While the spirit directs these limbs, that is, while I live. S To apply ourselves, that is, to be instant. T To the explanation, that is, to the exposition. V Concerning the prophets, major and minor, and especially the minor, because Pammachius had requested their exposition. Regarding "to apply," note this: if one lies down, he applies himself; if it is changed to "v" and "r" is added, it becomes "he wallows." It is separated and leads to the conduit; if he lies by, he prays; to be over-lying; if he dies, he languishes; if in, he insists. X Omitted for so long, that is, long interrupted. Y As if a certain postliminy; "post" means captivity and exile; expulsion, driving out with the threshold. Whence by composition it is called postliminy, that is, a return from exile to the rights which one had lost, so that one may claim for himself the right that was his in things after such a return. Whence postliminy, that is, an am—it is to wish to be after such a return, he resumes the rights which he had lost. Because he had explained the Twelve Prophets—Osee, Micheas, Sophonias, and Aggeus—to Paula and Eustochium, and had long interrupted the explanation of the other prophets, he speaks in metaphor, that he wishes to resume the labor of explaining; thus, he resumes the postliminy after the return, for he has returned from captivity. That is to say, I have omitted this work for a long time as if I were detained in captivity, but now I propose to resume what is given to liberty, and I shall be expedited from other occupations. Z Especially, that is, particularly, or he added "more." And it is said from "especially, most certain," just as from "tract, tractim" meaning: "continually", witness Priscian; "especially." It is said from "to ferry," as if to carry beyond others. "Especially," that is, besides. A causal conjunction is, witness Donatus; it is taken as "particularly." Whence say: "We have decided to apply ourselves to the explanation of the prophets, especially when he demands it." That is, he importunes. See other significations in the booklet on the vocabulary of the Bible. This Pammachius was the son of Paulina, the daughter of Eustochium and Blesilla. These three daughters of Paula are read of in the letter to Pammachius on the death of Paulina, where Jerome commends Pammachius, saying: "After the death and falling asleep of Paulina, the church brought forth Pammachius as a monk. Now, wise, powerful, noble men are made monks, to all of whom Pammachius is wiser, more powerful, more noble. Who would believe this: that the great-grandson of the consuls and the ornament of the race of Julian, among the purples of the senators, would walk in a dark tunic, and would not blush at the eyes of his companions, so that he himself would deride those who derided him." For this reason: B Admirable, that is, worthy of admiration and praise. C To this petition, Jerome commented on Osee, Joel, and Amos, Abdias and Jonas; thus says Jerome on Abacuck. D Let us hasten to the heavenly homeland. F Hastening, Hebrews 4: "Let us hasten to enter into that rest." G The deadly songs of the Sirens, etc.