This library is built in the open.
If you spot an error, have a suggestion, or just want to say hello — we’d love to hear from you.

A technical diagram illustrating the components and assembly of a chemical or alchemical furnace (clibanus). At the top center, a cross-section of the furnace shows a glass vessel (cucurbit), labeled 'K', nested within a bed of material (ashes or sand) labeled 'B', which is contained by tiles labeled 'A'. A delivery tube leads from the vessel to a receiving flask. Surrounding the central furnace diagram are individual components: two square tiles marked 'A'; a hollow iron tube marked 'D'; a small lid marked 'C'; several oblong iron tools marked 'F'; four small iron balls marked 'E'; a pair of tongs marked 'G'; and two rectangular blocks or bricks labeled 'H' (with a circular hole) and 'I' (with a slot).
A. A. A. A. Split tile.
B. B. Ashes, sand, or iron filings, etc.
C. C. Cover.
D. D. Iron tube.
E. E. E. E. Iron ball.
F. Oblong iron tools.
G. Tongs, whose extremities are slightly excavated.
H. Anterior brick excavated circularly, into which the mouth of the tube is inserted.
I. Posterior brick, receiving the tail of the tube.
K. Glass cucurbit, having a very wide neck.