Juridical Dissertation on Contumacy

the latter signification of this passage is the proper one, [as noted by] Herm. Vultej. de Judic. lib. 2. cap. 6. n. 69 et seq., and it is otherwise called by jurists Inobediëntia [Disobedience], or Der Ungehorsam [The Disobedience]. Matth. Stephan. ad Nov. 112. c. 3. Likewise malitia [malice] in c. 4. & 5. X. de dol. & contum. And it is (passing over the definitions of others) nothing other than a contempt of the judge’s order, by which the trial is hindered from being established or explained. Argum. l. 5. ff. de Judic. & Can. Certum. 43. c. 11. quæst. 3.

III.

Contumacia is commonly divided into True (which they also call evident, and Ungepaur recognizes this alone, d. l. n. 5) and fictional or presumed. Wesembec. ad l. 13. C. de Jud. n. 7. Add Vultej. d. l. n. 143.

The former is that which is committed by one of whom it is certain that he has knowledge of the judge's order, yet, though he can and ought to come, he does not come. l. 20. §. 6. vers. quòd primùm ff. de hered. pet. Bartol. ad l. 23. §. 3. ff. de appellat. For example, if he is summoned and remains absent after a triple warning or a single peremptory citation. per l. 73. in fin. ff. de Judic. l. 7. 8. 9. C. Quom. & quand. Jud. auth. qui semel eod. l. 53. §. 1. ff. de re Jud. l. 23. §. fin. ff. de appell. J. P. W. p. 1. tit. 12. "von deß Klägers Ungehorsam" [on the plaintiff's disobedience], §. "Erstlich" [Firstly]. Or he does not reply to the messenger, Jus Prov. Würtemb. p. m. 69. See Bart. ad l. 23. §. fin. ff. de appell., or he has predicted that he will not appear, "Er wolle nicht erscheinen" [He will not appear]. C. Venerabilibus 7. §. porro de sentent. excommunic. in 6. to J. P. W. p. 1. tit. 12. p. 68. Joh. Georg. Nicolai in process. Judic. c. 32. num. 3. Brunnem. in tr. de process. for. legitim. instit. & obbrev. c. 4. num. 2. Where, in the following number (7), he teaches that in this latter case a single non-peremptory citation suffices; with whom agrees the illustrious Lord Stryk in Introd. ad praxin. forens. cautè instit. c. 6. §. 2., adding that the plaintiff must therefore be cautious here to have evidence ready that such words were uttered by the cited party, for thus he need not be cited further. Which he immediately tempers with a distinction, following the aforementioned Brunnem. and Mev. p. 6. dec. 64., asking whether the cited party says he absolutely refuses to come in this case, or whether he refuses to appear on this occasion; for in this way he warns that he must still be cited for the remaining acts. The same is the opinion of Hillig. ad Donell. Enucl. l. 23. c. 2. lit. b. in fin., Vultej. de Judic. l. 2. c. 6. num. 162. Add l. 2. C. Quom. & quand. Jud., see Zasius ad l. 53. ff. de Re Jud. num. 13. If, however, the cited party, while declaring