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soil, and refuse from a city ditch, solely by the strength of one person. For he must drive the cross-wheel S. around by the hand-lever, which hand-lever is fitted into the axle of said cross-wheel, in the manner as is clearly depicted here below in the figure at the letter V. To the wheel are attached the wheelbarrows or small boxes, which are on the chains, as the other sketch at the letter M. clearly demonstrates. As soon as the wheel thus goes around, it causes the aforementioned chains, together with the small boxes or wheelbarrows that are attached to the chains, to run along with the help of the rollers, which are marked below with A.; and when the small boxes are filled with earth, then they carry it out of the ditch through this movement, and tip it one after another