Book of Collections on the Art of Preaching

...against the flesh, for these are opposite to one another. And the works of the flesh are manifest, which are fornication, uncleanness, etc. But the fruit of the spirit is charity, modesty, continence, chastity, etc.

Place from contraries. The maximum proposition: Contraries cannot fit together.

Conjunctions

CONJUNCTIONS coniuncta adjuncts are those things which occupy a neighboring place. This place pertains to conjecture, when it is asked what either is, or has happened, or is about to be, or what can possibly happen at all. That is, what happened before the thing, what with the thing, and what after the thing. Before the thing are sought such things as: equipment, conversations, place, the appointed banquet. With the thing: the sound of feet, the noise of men, the shadows of bodies, and if there is anything of this kind. But after the thing: paleness, redness, hesitation, fear, and if there are any other signs of disturbance and conscience, such as a bloody sword, an extinguished fire, and other things which can move a suspicion of the deed. Examples: of signs before the thing, Esther, chapter 7: "See the wood which he had prepared for Mardochaeus."

Of conjunctions with the thing, 1 Samuel 19: "Saul sought to pin David to the wall with his spear. And David slipped away from the face of Saul. But the spear was carried into the wall, the wound missing."

Of conjunctions after the thing, 1 Kings 3: "But the woman whose son was alive said to the king (for her bowels were moved for her son): I beseech you, lord, give her the living infant and let him not be killed. On the contrary, that other was saying: Let it be neither mine nor yours, but let it be divided."

The maximum proposition: From the adjuncts, the adjuncts are weighed.

Antecedents, Consequents

ANTECEDENTS and consequences differ from the previous place. For adjuncts do not always happen; consequences, however, always do. For those things are called consequences which necessarily follow the thing. Likewise, both antecedents and repugnants. For whatever precedes any thing adheres to the thing necessarily. And whatever is repugnant is of such a kind that it can never adhere. Concerning the first, Genesis 38: "Thamar, your daughter-in-law, has committed fornication, and her womb appears to be swelling." For the antecedent is that she has been pregnant; the consequent is that she has had intercourse. Nor is it asked here what is prior in time or what is posterior. The maximum proposition: When the antecedent is posited, that which follows accompanies it; and when the consequent is removed, that which precedes is removed.