[Modus vacandi beneficiorum]

A benefice becomes vacant through non-promotion. ¶ Yet, the bishop may dispense with him for seven years for the sake of study, and for no other reason; provided, however, that he be ordained a subdeacon within a year. ¶ The Pope, however, may dispense at his pleasure for any cause whatsoever. ¶ Item, when a suit is pending between two or three parties over one benefice or more, while one of the litigants dies and the suit itself has not been decided, such benefices become vacant and are reserved, and the co-litigant is substituted into the right of the deceased, even within the month of another petitioner, according to the rule concerning the substitution of co-litigants. ¶ Item, through apparent incorporation, as when religious men have the collation to certain benefices which are to be conferred upon secular clerics: and if they confer them upon their own brethren as if those [benefices] were incorporated, they likewise become vacant. ¶ Item, through free resignation, as if someone