[Novellae constitutiones]

a Above: Regarding the over-indicated, let it be superfluous.

b Whatever from the curiales: Actively I understand. In double, or rather in quadruple, as above, 'specula', 'mu.', law 'placet', and 'concerning census', law 'per equatorem', which 'fuit', 'e.'. The solution is that that is from rigor, this from equity, or this according to that so that it is double which is provided to the provincials, or otherwise to the treasury, as 'concerning assertion', 'tol.', law 'in', 'f.' 1, or rather it refers by force as there, 'annu', as the Digest 'on public things', law 'licitatio', section 1, 'in licite', and 'concerning', 'if family', law 2, or here he had a mandate of exacting and therefore is punished in double, there by his own authority and therefore in quadruple.

c Convicted: That is, overcome, and thus the civil does not take away the criminal, as above, 'when the civil action', law 1.

d Persevere: Continuing to do evil, to which the Digest 'on peril', law 'capitalium', section 'solent', and above, 'graffatores', and above, 'concerning', 'au8', law 2, in the end. Otherwise, if once, then it is otherwise punished, as I said above, 'what is illicitly'.

e From their: Distributed for two months from the day of capture, as the Digest 'concerning res judicata', law 'debtoribus'. Otherwise, also observing the solemnities which I said above, 'concerning faith of instructions', 'jure bast', finally, law 1.

f Possessing: Even if the thing shall have been of lesser value, as above, 'concerning right of haste', finally, law 'quecumque' at the end, and it makes below, 'concerning civil debt', law 'finally' at the end.

g Atis: That is, they are not incarcerated but yet well taken by the person, as above, title 2, law 2. Also and they shall be sold, as above, law 1. First Rubric: Concerning public receipts; a receipt is given to the payer, an 'antipocha' to the receiver, as above, 'concerning faith of instruction', law 'pres', and above, 'concerning those who', in 'pi', law 'pe', and note that it is otherwise for curiales, and otherwise for curiales and emporiums, in the end, law 1.

h Also: It is otherwise concerning civil distributions, otherwise 'westi' inferior, who receive tributes and insert them to the greater ones, which the greater ones deny they have received, and thus the fortune of the inferior is burdened in double, as above, 'concerning exaction of tributes', law 'missi'.

i Of curiales: The powerful and the curiales are placed for the same, and it is otherwise 'itidem', otherwise 'eorundem'.

k As descriptions: That is, of goods which are called estimates, which the princes make by compelling various businesses, so that that 'exiit' was issued by Caesar Augustus so that the whole world would be described, and according to that which is subjected to single orders, say, that is, through all the villages, large and small; for all must pay, as above, 'concerning year and three', law 1, in fraud, and that this is in the Authentic, 'concerning collection', 'circa primi', and that immediately the beginning is subjected, it is otherwise said: descriptions, that is, writings which are made regarding payments which are made from hand to hand, and this say through single orders, which indeed are called 'apoche' which are given into the sinuarium at the president, otherwise they would not be valid, as also a donation beyond the last sum, as above, 'concerning donation', law 1.

1 Contribution: That is, the payment of tributes, we sanction.

Whatever Imp. shall have been purely elicited as debt from the curiales or co-opted or other exactors, we permit to be exacted in double and restored to the provincials. If, however, any exactor shall have been convicted of the crime of super-action, his greed is to be removed by capital punishment and prohibited in these crimes, pre-viewing.

Concerning taking and distributing pledges of tributarians

Their things which Imp. which, through contumacy, they delay to satisfy for fiscal debts, let them be distributed, with the perpetual firmness of possessing given to the opinators.

Concerning inferior curiales to be relieved...

It is sufficient that the debtor be convened for the necessity of paying provisions by the taking of pledges.

Concerning public receipts and descriptions of curiales

For relieving the fortunes of the inferior curiales and for restraining the impression of the powerful and the curiales themselves, it was decided that regarding the descriptions in which, through single orders, they are agitated by compelling various businesses, they should not be taken before the beginning among the acts, but they should be committed to the rectors of the provinces and received by their sentences. But also, let the gold which is rendered from such contribution be signed to the aurary receiver so that in the securities, the day, the consuls, the name of the month, and the sum may be discovered, so that the equity of the description may be illustrated and strengthened more evidently by the described documents. Let this also be observed: that in the four-month periods which are solemnly directed to the office of your excellence, the disposition of the description be added, so that all, fearing the knowledge of our power, may dare to presume nothing towards the relief of the wealthy and the destruction of the needy. And that which is then best is to guard when lucrative faculties come to the curia from the forms of the curiales, so that both the needy and the wealthy may be sustained by the fruit.

Writings are at least necessary: one of imposition, as here and in the Authentic, 'concerning collection', section 'concerning fiscals'; another of payment, which is made to the receiver from the curial, as here, and in the Authentic, 'concerning mandate', section 'coges', and below, 'concerning collection of funds', law 'placuit'. There is also a third, which the lesser curial makes when he receives, as above, 'concerning exaction of tributes', law 'apparitors'. Strengthened: that is, equity. Let it bear that here, from the notice of the 'explazz', note that which the four-month periods, 'mos', quaternis, or four months, ought to be offered to the public offices; the receipt would be directed through the palatine, that is, aurary receivers or others, so that 'ton', by the darkness of the public account being removed, it may be able to appear with clarity, as that which above, section 'off. fa. lar.', 1, law 1, and makes below, title 2, law 1, section 'pens.', in the end. There were also other four-month briefs which in the 'scrini' were hidden.

m Aurary: Who himself is a curial or an official of the greater ones, and to him relates the beginning of this law.

n Securities: That is, in receipts which are made for the security of those paying, to which below, 'concerning collection of funds', 'and epb.', 'placuit'.

o Inserting: That is, paying, a curial or also a tributarian who pays to the curial, to which below, 'concerning receiver', law 'receivers' by the parts. Also to that which it says regarding the day, makes the Digest 'concerning accusations', 'libellos'. Also makes to the 'cam', the Digest 'concerning theory of exceptions', law 2, section 1, and 'concerning transaction', law 'cum hi', section 'in cam', and above, 'ma.', law 'per diversas'. It says, then, in the document of the indictment and the name of the emperor, as in the Authentic, 'so that by person', the name of the emperor throughout, and subscribes the note, although his subscription alone does not suffice, as, generally, 'concerning covenant', 'treasury', 'de', law 2.

p Where: That is, as that which above, 'facto', and that which is subjected, concerning descriptions, that is, which was imposed, a collection or description.

q Described: Otherwise 'desceptus', that is, a tributarian or an inferior curial, otherwise 'descriptio', otherwise 'descriptis', and thus note: witnesses do not suffice, as the Digest 'concerning probation', Celsus; and thus two.