De ventriculi natura, et affectibus

...it pushes the superfluous burden into the intestines, once those parts at the pylorus are opened and those two glandular tubercles, mentioned above, are drawn apart from each other.

22. Among the chief faults of the stomach is the impairment of concoction.

23. Three variations of this are enumerated by physicians: Apepsia, which is an absolute; Bradypepsia, which is a diminished; and Dyspepsia, which is a vitiated concoction.

24. These symptoms, though they may arise from other causes, nevertheless usually proceed from an intemperies of the stomach, as its most frequent disease.

25. Moreover, every intemperies of the stomach is either hot, cold, moist, or dry, or composed of two of these; and this either with humor or without humor. Furthermore, it infests either the stomach alone, or its mouth, or both.

26. The signs of a hot intemperies are: immense and lasting thirst; the stomach is relieved by cold things and offended by hot things; and it gives forth nidorose eructations.

27. If, in addition to these, the stomach is filled with bile, there are added to the aforesaid signs nausea, bitterness of the mouth, loathing of food, and a certain sensation of gnawing, especially when the mouth of the stomach is violently pricked by the acrimony of the bile—καρδιαλγία—which can sometimes be so great as to induce syncope, on account of the sympathy of the heart. Hiccuping is also troublesome if much acrid bile is impacted in the tunics. But if a great quantity of bile, especially of the malignant kind—such as leek-green, verdigris, or blue—should rush into the stomach all at once, it will excite cholera, a horrendous symptom.

28. A cold intemperies is evidenced by an absence of thirst. The stomach is relieved by hot things and harmed by cold things; concoction is slow, and eructations are acid.

29. If a pituitous humor is joined with a cold intemperies, a sense of heaviness is perceived, with nausea, languor, and prostration. If it thoroughly imbues the mouth of the stomach, there will be a great propensity for sleep and sopor, or catalepsis if the phlegm is mixed with bile, and this on account of the sympathy of the mouth of the stomach with the brain. But if acid phlegm infects the mouth of the stomach, it will produce a canine appetite.

30. But if a melancholic humor should be added to a cold intemperies, and if it remains fixed in the mouth of the stomach for a longer time, melancholy will eventually follow from the sympathy of the brain, and the patient will be vexed by flatulence.

31. The signs of a moist stomach are that it becomes firmer through the use of dry and solid foods, but weaker from moist ones, especially from immoderate drink; it is also distended by flatus that excites pain.