Diexodus medica de hepatis

contribute aid to the preparation of nourishment, as well as the diaphragm, the lungs, and the heart.

72. For the parts of the body are maintained by a certain τάξιν order/arrangement, and their functions are performed by a certain association, in which it is required not only that the source from which the action proceeds is in good order, but also where it terminates, so that if either is affected, there occur ἐνεργειῶν ἀποτυχίαι failures of functions, as well as pains and other adversities.

73. But for the present, we only consider those affections that primarily occupy this organ. We believe their general types are either some dyscrasia imbalance/bad mixture of the similar substance, or an asymmetry in the number, magnitude, figure, and position of the particles; or, finally, some dissolution of συμφύσει union/cohesion.

74. Indeed, its adverse affections can be—and usually are—known and discerned by touch, by pains, by errors in operations, by the sympathy of associated parts, by the conditions of the whole, by excretions, by things generated within it and around it, by what is convenient or harmful, and by ages, customs, and ways of life.

75. Their causes are endowed with a force contrary to nature, and they are more often generated from things taken inside the body than they invade from outside. This happens either through the vice of the matter itself, or the impaired operation of the parts, or, which is most frequent, a desire not ordered according to ὑγιεινὴν hygienic/healthy reason.

76. All kinds of dyscrasia imbalance afflict the similar substance in this viscus. They overturn the organic structure, whatever is present or absent beyond the number, the increase or decrease made contrary to the mode, the deformity of the surfaces and cavities, and every dislocation; indeed, they dissolve the union.