Diexodus medica de hepatis

87. If a compound intemperies afflicts the viscus, the affection will be twofold, and the resulting evils will coalesce. It invades bodies that are similar in temperament; and it is produced by the motion of those efficient causes whose powers are contrary to nature in both ways. It is more often seized by being hot and dry, or cold and humid, than by other combinations.

88. A hot dyscrasia imbalance depraves the altering and attracting faculties; a cold one weakens them and makes them languid; a humid one weakens the retaining faculty; a dry one weakens the expelling faculty. And a certain ἀτονία atony/loss of tone follows every intemperies regarding the actions.

89. The ἀτονία atony of the attractor is shown by the rejection of chyle that is perfectly cooked; that of the retainer by the rejection of imperfect blood; that of the expeller by heaviness and tension from cacochymia bad humor/poor constitution.

90. It happens, however, that no ἀτονία atony occurs in the actions of the viscus while it is laboring, such as if it cannot use its work as required. For blood must be distributed for nutrition, for the sake of which both the constructed ducts and the branches of the vessels are mutually committed to one another, and their mouths close up for the passage.

91. Distribution and passage can be hindered in two ways: either the surface of the hollow passage is constricted in itself, or the form remains intact but the space is occupied by an alien body. The former follows as a symptom of other diseases; the latter exists from a cause conjoined to the first.

92. ἔμφραξις obstruction or σφίγξις constriction is the blockage of a cavity by an intercepting body as if a wedge had been driven in, whereby the cavity is stuffed. It is produced either by a familiar or alien generation, an airy or aqueous body; of which it happens that the latter is cooked into stone and the former is dissolved into humor if they remain for too long.