Diexodus medica de hepatis

It is discerned by a tension-like, fixed, or shifting pain. The blood usually teems with flatulence either due to the property of the matter or the ἀπεψίαν indigestion/lack of cooking of the altering faculty. In this case, it happens that the urine is crowned with bubbles and intestinal sounds are heard.

104. If the flatulent matter is more abundant, it makes a tumor in the body of the liver and pulls apart the cohesion of the parts. Such a tumor is discerned from that which is supported by some humor, in that there is greater tension, less heaviness, and it always lacks fever. The generating cause is either the heat of undigested food dissolving humidity into vapor, or matter that is such by its kind.

105. But the tumor that is from matter does not lack a sense of heaviness. If the matter is of a thinner consistency, it will be able to penetrate the porous substance of the liver itself; otherwise, it is collected in the ducts of the vessels or under the surrounding tunic.

106. Indeed, the causes of the collection are provided by preceding affections of the viscus, such as dyscrasias imbalances generating these or those humors, weakness, depravation, or impediment of the faculties in the parts, obstructions preventing the deduction, repletion, constriction of the veins, interruption of exercise, a fuller diet, and the suppression of accustomed evacuations, with the body regarding its nourishment.

107. If the humor is natural, it is either blood, or one or the other bile, or phlegm, or ἰχὼρ serum/ichor, or some mixture of these. If it is not natural, it is either similar in quality to these, or it has some ἀλλοτρίον alien/foreign matter that is septic or otherwise pernicious.

108. These humors, besides the fact that they sometimes distend and sometimes compress parts and weigh down the body, usually induce some intemperies, or erode, consume, putrefy, or afflict the parts in other ways; and the diseases that follow from them vary manifoldly in number, gravity of symptoms, and lesions.