A decorative horizontal printer's ornament appears at the top of the page.

THESES ON ISCHURIA.

I.
Among the symptoms of urination, which consist of excess and deficiency, the latter occurs more frequently. This happens in two ways, based on differences sought in that which occurs by more or less.

II.
For urine is either suppressed entirely, or it is passed with difficulty, or less of it is rendered than is proper. We comprehend both of these under the name of ἰσχυρίας ischuria, although when it flows drop by drop but with difficulty, it is also called Strangury.

III.
For dysuria, when it is called a difficult urination by reason of pain, should not be referred here, but to a depraved urination which sins in excess rather than in deficiency, which, even if it happens drop by drop, is called Strangury.

IIII.
ἰσχυρία Ischuria (the nature of which we wish to explain here) is a total suppression, or at least a diminution, of urination beyond the natural limit.

V.
The cause of this must necessarily consist in the passages through which urine is naturally accustomed to pass, such as the ureters, or the neck of the bladder, or the remaining duct.

VI.
For the ureters, if both are obstructed near their origin from the kidneys, do not permit the urine to flow through at all, hence urination ceases.