... Theses hasce miscellaneas ex iure decerptas

confessed and convicted, and can be condemned, the affirmative is truer.

IX.

Betrothals Sponsalia betrothals/engagement contracts are of such moment that sometimes a bride is held in place of a wife, and a groom in place of a husband. The question arises whether a statute providing that, if a wife dies prematurely in a marriage without children, the husband gains the dowry, also applies to one betrothed by words of the present that is, a binding legal promise to marry immediately, yet not having been known by the husband, nor brought home. Some indeed affirm this, stating that not only can the given dowry be retained, but the promised dowry can also be claimed. The contrary, negative view likewise rests on reasons and has its own supporters, and seems more true in law. However, of all the opinions in this conflict of doctors referring to legal scholars/commentators, it is most prudent that, as a precaution, the time for gaining the dowry be expressly inserted into the marriage settlements, and this is also usually done by the more prudent: "After the consummation of the marriage and the bringing home of the bride."

X.

A creditor cannot refuse payment made to him by anyone in the name of his debtor. Moreover, if the creditor is unwilling to receive payment, the third party may offer or deposit the money. This offering will be of such efficacy that it can protect the debtor from any disturbance or molestation.

XI.

It is doubted whether a creditor is compelled to receive against his will the very thing that was given. Decius Filippo Decio, a 15th-century Italian jurist believes that this conclusion is not free from doubt at first glance, since not only do many texts of our law seem to deny it, but reasons also seem to confirm it.