14 JUL. CÆS. VANINI

medicine, was believed to be Demoniacus possessed or working with demons. Yet Galen himself, based on the Teachings of the Philosophers, judged that no demons exist. *

Added to this was the study of medicine in a Priest, to which true Magia Magic adheres like a sister. Finally, there was his knowledge of astrology and his uncommon familiarity with hidden things. Gramondus † certainly hints that they thought about this, and Bisselius ‡ later illustrated it with certain fables. Gramondus says: "When he was captured, all his furniture was taken, and an enormous toad was found enclosed in a crystal vase among waters. To those charging him with sorcery, he replied that a remedy for an otherwise lethal illness is prepared from a living toad after it has been melted by fire." Oh, what a beautiful opportunity to bring forth these stories of a toad as a "familiar spirit"! How witty a companion it would have been to the black dog of Agrippa! But they were reluctant to employ here that secret machine the charge of magic by which they had been more unkind to the reputations of Henry of Aragon (the Marquis of Villena) ǂ, Albertus Magnus β, Antonius de Fantis, Johannes Trithemius, Roger Bacon, Raymond Lully, Arnald of Villanova, Girolamo Cardano, and many others.

* Vanini, Dialogue 57, page 432.
† Gramondus, book 3, History of France.
‡ Bisselius, Third Seven-Year Period of the Affairs of Our Age, for the year 1619.
ǂ Nicolaus Antonius in Spanish Library, book 10, chapter 3.
β Naudé, Apology for Great Men Suspected of Magic, Paris 1625 in duodecimo; Paris 1669; Hague 1689; Amsterdam 1712.