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Joachim of Fiore · 1605

A complex circular diagram titled "Hieroglyphic Wheel" original: "ROTA Hieroglyphica" and "RVOTA Gieroglifica". The diagram features a central wheel with spokes, surrounded by concentric rings. The outer ring contains Roman numerals from I to XXVI. The inner segments contain various heraldic symbols, astrological signs, and names of Popes from Sixtus IV to Clement VIII. The entire diagram is enclosed in a decorative rectangular frame with floral and architectural motifs, including two columns at the top. The whole page is bordered by a decorative typographic frame.
Decorative typographic border surrounding the entire text block.
Sixtus IV: whom we read was placed before all others. It is not entirely clear why he is signified by three stars. But because I find that learned men are called light and stars, I believe Sixtus is understood by them, since he was considered the most learned of all in his time and held in possession of the greatest knowledge: namely of Philosophy, the so-called scholastic Theology, and sacred scripture.
Innocent VIII: he stood as the successor. He used the Cibo the Pope's family name heraldic insignia: a transverse line across the length, full of certain marks, just as this Wheel indicates.
Thirdly, Alexander VI occurs: shown by the Ox which he carried in his insignia, and the letter R, stating his name: namely, Roderic.
Pius III: enrolled in the Piccolomini family by his maternal uncle Pius II. He carried the insignia of that family, which contain many Moons, by one of which he himself was prefigured.
The trunk, or stump, of the fourth square portended Julian, Cardinal of Rovere Pope Julius II.
No one doubts what the balls of the Medici of Florence are, from whose family Leo X and Clement VII were born. To these I add Pius IV, whose ancestors long ago moved from that city to Milan, if the writers of history speak the truth.
Adrian VI is shown by the sign of the Ox, both because it is an animal that bears the yoke and is hardworking, and because it demonstrates the homeland of this man. He had modest parents, from which through service and the study of letters he obtained the patronage of many: especially of Emperor Charles V, whose tutor he became, and from there he was elevated to the Cardinalate. His only birthplace was Utrecht, the beginning of which name means, as it were, "to draw" Latin: "trahere"; which labor is characteristic of this animal.