Greek Grammar (1484) - Page 12


Into how many [parts] are the twenty-four letters divided?	Into how many are the twenty-four letters divided?
Into two. Into vowels and into consonants.	Into two. Into vowels and into consonants.
The vowels are seven: a, e, eta, i, u, small o Greek: "o mikron" and great o Greek: "o mega". Of which two are long: eta and great o.	The vowels indeed are seven: a, e, eta, i, u, small o Latin: "o parva" and great o Latin: "omega grandis". Of which two are long: eta and great o.
And two are short: smooth e Greek: "e psilon" and small o.	And two are short: smooth e Latin: "e tenuis" and small o.
And three are of two times Greek: "dichrona"; these are vowels that can be either long or short depending on the word.: a, i, u.	And three are of two times Latin: "bitēporeæ": a, i, u.
How many diphthongs Two vowels pronounced as one sound. are there properly? Six: ai, au, ei, eu, oi, ou.	How many diphthongs are there properly? Six: ai, au, ei, eu, oi, ou.
How many consonants? Seventeen.	How many consonants? Seventeen.
Into how many [parts] are the seventeen consonants divided?	Into how many are the seventeen consonants divided?
Into two. Into semivowels and mutes.	Into two. Into semivowels and mutes.
There are eight semivowels: zeta, xi, psi, lambda, mu, nu, rho, sigma.	There are eight semivowels: zeta, xi, psi, lambda, mu, nu, rho, sigma.
Of which three are double [letters]: zeta, xi, psi.	Of which three are double [letters]: zeta, xi, psi.
And four are immutable Greek: "ametabola"; consonants that do not change in certain grammatical inflections, also known as liquids.: lambda, mu, nu, rho.	And four are immutable Latin: "immutabiles": lambda, mu, nu, rho.
And nine are mutes: beta, gamma, delta, kappa, pi, tau, theta, phi, chi.	And nine are mutes: beta, gamma, delta, kappa, pi, tau, theta, phi, chi.
Of which three are smooth Greek: "psila"; non-aspirated sounds.: kappa, pi, tau.	Of which three are smooth Latin: "tenues": kappa, pi, tau.
And three are aspirated: theta, phi, chi.	And three are aspirated: theta, phi, chi.
And three are middle Sounds that are between smooth and aspirated.: beta, gamma, delta.	And three are middle: beta, gamma, delta.
How many accents Greek: "prosōidiai"; these marks guided the pitch or stress of the word as well as breathing and punctuation.? Ten: acute, grave, circumflex, long, short, smooth [breathing], aspirated [breathing], apostrophe, hyphen, and sub-distinction Greek: "hypodiastolē"; a punctuation mark used to distinguish between words that are spelled the same..	How many accents? Ten: acute, grave, circumflex, long, short, smooth, aspiration, conversion Latin: "conversio," referring to the apostrophe., union Latin: "subunio," referring to the hyphen., and sub-distinction.