BOOK.

are also called Glauca, such as the sedge, a marsh plant, and the willow, of which both the leaves and, much more, the bark on the branches, especially in yearlings, shine with this color. Which Virgil praises in horses, and in a famous poem calls them Glauci, called Baios (bays) in the common language of the Italians. For the Spadices (chestnut-browns), called honest by the same poet in the same place, are somewhat more illustrious, the Baij themselves are also bright, as they are now commonly called: and these two are the colors most approved of all others in horses. The sedge, therefore, and the willow, which the same Virgil called glauca, and likewise the best breed of horse, and the husk of the chestnut, and many others, besides the eyes of the lion and the owl, show the color Glaucus. But to return to where I departed, since the Caesius color is only of the eyes, one must see whether it is rather that which Aristotle calls Charopos. For thus the lion is described by him, because of the savagery of its eyes, whom the most learned poet Catullus calls Caesius. Whence Hercules was called by the surname Charops, as if looking wrathfully. For Chara in Greek is also said for anger in Latin, and from the same (I think) horror Charybdis is named, and Charon, of whom when Virgil says:
In horses, which color is approved.

Charopos color.

Hercules Charops.

"Flames stand around his eyes."
He intended to signify that horrible and dire old man as Caesius. Although I am not unaware that Charopos is also explained differently by others.

BLACK (ATER) CAP. III.

Black (ater) is also a horrible color, entirely like Anthrax, that is, coal: for it is properly of extinguished coal. Wherefore, as he does everything knowingly, Terence says, "I will render it so well-boiled and..."